Hydrocarbon-burner.



Patented Dea 9. 19,02,

H. B. CARY. IIYDRUCYARBN BURNER.

Applicato filed Oct. 8, 1901.

(No Nudel.)

311 ve u l'o-r.

y f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY BOUNDS CARY, OF vLOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

HYDROCARBON-BURN ER.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 715,549, dated December 9, 1902.

y Application led October 8, 1901. Serial No. 78.021. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and:

State of California,l have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon'-v InjPatent No. 653,166 is shown and described a mixing-chamber with an inwardlyprojecting ring within the exit end of the chamber, which is designed to aid in thor` oughly mixing the hydrocarbon vapors and the entrained air, a generating-chambersurrounding the exit, and an inwardly-tapering funnel or cone shaped tube at the front endV of the mixing-chamber and in front of a Va-` In this construction the vola? por-injector. tilization of the hydrocarbon is dependent upon they heat generated by the fiame when used in the open air and upon such flame and the radiated heat from the furnace when yused inconnection with a furnace. The 0b'- ject of the invention described in said patent was primarily to control the proportions of hydrocarbon and oxygen admitted to the mixingchamber and to thoroughly associate and intermix the same before it reached the burning zone. I have found from practice that while said construction accomplished the ends sought to a greater extent than theretofore possible the variation as to proportions of volatilized hydrocarbon and oxygen depends upon the predetermined construction and fixed relation of the parts and that the associated hydrocarbon vapor and oxygen in the mixing-chamber is liable to expand or roll radially over the outer face of the projecting ring in the exit end of the mixingchamber, and thus retard the flame in its progress to the furnace and to also intensify y the heat within the generating-chamber to an Be it known that I, HENRY BoUNDs CARY, a

undesirable degree.

' In the Letters Patent No. 665,670 is shown and described a means for quickly and readily generating the vapor in the generatingchamber for starting av burner such as that shown in Letters 'Patent No. 653,166.

My presentinvention has for its object to so construct the mixing-chamber and so arrange it with relation to the Vapor-injector that the difficulties hereinbefore referred to shall be avoided, that the proportions ofhyf drocarbon vapor and entrained air may be controlled and varied whenever desired or sis necessary by simply adjusting the relationA .A

between the coacting parts of the burner and without altering its construction, and that.

the entrained air and hydrocarbon vapors shall bemore completely and vthoroughly `mixed andmore satisfactorily delivered to the iiame zone.

My invention has for a further object to sov 1' construct and arrange the generator for volatilizing 'the lhydrocarbon as to remove it from the undue` influence of the radiated heatof the furnace when used in connection with such to secure a uniform volatilization of the hydrocarbon and to secure the greatest econ?` omy` in the use of the hydrocarbon.

With these ends in view my invention con sists, first, in the peculiar construction of the mixing-chamber, by means of which I am enabled to produce the same at greatly-reduced cost and to securethe most satisfactory and desirabley association of the hydrocarbon vapors and the constituents of the entrained air; second, in arranging the mixing-chamber and the jet-piece in adjustable relation with In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains may know how to make and use myimproved burner and fully appreciate all of its advantages, I willl proceed to describe the construction and operation of the same, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of my improved burner with the mixing-chamber shown in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line x of Fig. l, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section on the line y y of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

A represents the mixing-chamber, the wall of which tapers gradually and outwardly from the inlet toward the exit and is then contracted in dome shape, as shown at B, to an axial tubular exit C, in cross-section substantially of the same area as the contracted exit of a funnel or cone shaped inductiontube I), such as shown and described in my Letters Patent No. 653,166, hereinbefore referred t-o. The tubular portion C of the mixing-chamber terminates with an annular tiange E, adapted for contact with a furnace when the burner is used in connection with one. The under side of the chamber A is provided witha dovetail or other shaped projection F, which may be made integral therewith or separately and secured thereto in any desired manner.

G is the generating-chamber,secured in any suitable manner to an ordinary hydrocarbonsupply pipe H, which is provided with the usual swivel and adjustable joints. The generating-chamber is formed with a channel I, which traverses from one end in a longitudinal direction, then across the other end and back, as shown at Fig. 3, (to give the greatest extent of generatingsurface,) and is there connected Withavapor-conduit pipe J, joined at its rear end to` a jetpiece having two branches K and L, terminating in two jetnozzles M and N, respectively, provided with needle-valves O P, controlled by hand-wheels Q R. The vapor-pipe J may be provided with a drain-plug S, if desirable. The generating-chamber, like the mixing-chamber, is for the purposes of economy in manufacture made of cast-iron, and the vapor-chamber I may be cored out or bored and closed by plugs T. A priming-pan U for starting the generation ot vapor is secured to the under side of the vapor-conduit J in any suitable manner, but preferably by a plate V, passed over the conduit and secured thereto by a set-screw l. This plate V is set obliquely and a short tube W is secured therein by a set-screw 2. This tube W has its rear end in axial and adjustable relation with the vapor-nozzle N, while the other vapor-nozzle M is in axial alinernent with the induction-tube D.

From the construction shown and described it will be seen that the burner is started by igniting a priming supply of hydrocarbon oil in the pan Uand heating the hydrocarbon in the conduit .Lwhereupon the vapor generated therein travels to the jet-piece, and the needle-valve in the nozzle M being closed the generated vapor is injected through the nozzle N into the tube W, which is so adjusted through the medium of the set-screw 2 that the supply of entrained air is properly controlled. Said air and the hydrocarbon vapor entering the tube W is then ignited at its upper end under the generating-chamber G, and the vaporization of the hydrocarbon contained therein is begun and continued by the heat resulting from the flame at the end of tube W, which is maintained during the operation of the burner. When the vaporization is such as required, the needle-valve O in the nozzle M is opened and the vapor is injected into the tube C ofthe mixing-chamber A and with the mixed entrained air is liberated from the contracted forward end of the tube into the gradually-increasing area of the mixing-chamber A, the associated vapor and air expanding as it travels longitudinally both as a result of its natural tendency and under the axially-projected force of the following vapor and air, thus further mixing and associating all the constituents. On its onward movement it contacts with the converging wall of the dome B, which partially retards its progress and rolls it back against and into the central portion of the incoming body, thus thoroughly tumbling, rolling, and mixing all the atoms and constituents, as illustrated by arrows shown within the chamber A. When thoroughly and intimately mixed-like smoke-the vapor passes unobstructedly through the tubular exit C under the general prevailing axial pressure induced through the tube D and escapes into the re zone in such condition as to instantly burn.

In order that the relative proportions of the constituents of the hydrocarbon vapor and the entrained air may be intelligently and scientifically controlled, so that every heat unit may be utilized at the exitand at the same time the character of the flame and corresponding intensity of its heat be regulated, the mixing-tube A and the j et-nozzle M are, as heretofore explained, adjustable relatively with one another. By reason of such adjustability if it is desired that the vapor delivered at the exit C of the mixing-chamber should be richer in carbon than oxygen constituents the jet-nozzle M and the end of the mixing-chamber A are brought comparatively close together, thus lessening the opportunity for intake of air, and the needle-valve O is likewise adjusted in harmony with the result desired. It', on the contrary, it is desired to have less carbon and more oxygen, the carbon-nozzle and the mixing-chamber are adj usted farther apart and to such extent as desired, and likewise the needle-valve O may be correspondingly adjusted, so that it Will be seen that by the adjustment of the relation between the mixing-chamber and the IOO IIO

' under certain conditions a full supply is unnecessary, but by reason of the control of the generating heat under the mixing-chamber and the elimination therefrom of the radiated heat from the furnace (when the burner is used with a furnace) theA degree of vaporization within the generating-chamber is under absolute control, and consequently an unnecessary quantity of hydrocarbon is not used.

Many changes in the mere details ofconstruction-such, forinstance, as that enabling` the adjustment between the mixing-chamber and the hydrocarbon-nozzle M or the means for connecting the pan Uto the vapor-conduit and giving adjustability to the tube W- may be made Without departing from the spirit of my invention, which resides in the generic features heretofore explained.

Having described the construction and op- ;eration, as well as the advantages, of myirn` proved burner, what I claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

l. In a hydrocarbon burner, a mixing- .chamber adapted to receive hydrocarbon Vapor yand entrained air, and having a continuous and closed Wall of gradually-increasing area for a given distance from the initial or intake end, and then gradually contracted toward and terminating in an axial deliveryexit, whereby the hydrocarbon Vapor and enl trained air, in transit from the intake end and'toWard-the outlet'or exit of said chamber, are confined and mixed in substantially the manner hereinbefore set forth. Y 2. In ahydrocarbon burner, a mixingchamber adapted for hydrocarbon Vapor and entrained air, having a continuous or closed wall gradually increasing in area for a given distance and then gradually contracted to ward and terminating in an axial outlet, and provided at the intake end with a converging intake-conduit in air-tight relation with the wall of the mixing-chamber, Substantially as hereinbefore set forth. f

3. In `a hydrocarbon burner, a mixingchamber adapted for intake of hydrocarbon Vapor and other desirable iiuids, and having a converging intake-conduit terminating in a chamber of gradually-increasing areafor a given distance, then gradually contracted toward and terminated in an axial elongated outlet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.'

4. In a hydrocarbon burner, a mixingchamber of gradually-increasing area for a given distance, and then graduallycontracted toward an axial outlet, and provided with an intake for hydrocarbon vapor and entrained air, a generating-chamber, means for heating the same, and a vapor-nozzle located in proper relation with the intake of the mixing-chamber, said mixing-chamber being adjustably connected with the generati 11g-chamber, substantially as and for the-purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY BOUNDS CARY.

Witnesses: t

D. G. STUART, WM. C. MGINTIRE. 

